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Team Resource Management
TRM training is designed to assist healthcare organisations in the
prevention of adverse incidents, errors and near misses.
Throughout the healthcare system breakdowns in human interaction,
communication and teamwork can have critical consequences. TRM training
concerns the cognitive and interpersonal skills involved in the
effective utilisation of all available resources toward safe and
efficient performance of the healthcare system. The training develops
safer clinical working practices through a teamwork approach to patient
safety.
TRM is derived from concepts developed and proven in commercial and
military aviation. Emphasis is given to the factors that affect human
performance and the functioning and safety of the organisation.
The specific aims of the programme are:
- reduce the risk of harm to patients through a teamwork approach to
patient safety and quality of care
- developing patient-focused, not task focused systems
- effective coordination throughout the patient care pathway
- improving situational awareness
- improving workload management
- developing team skills and behaviours which reduce the occurrence
of clinical errors
Methodologies for improving team working, removing organisational
barriers and flattening hierarchies are explored through the use of the
Error Chain Model. This technique has been found to promote learning
from experience, develop cognitive and interpersonal skills and
highlight the benefits of good teamwork in the analysis of patient
safety incidents.
The training sessions cover the theoretical and practical aspects of TRM
training with relevant references to, and examination of, human factor
related adverse events and near misses. Sessions include the use of
training video footage, incident reports, case studies, simulation
exercises, group discussions and incident reviews.
Throughout the programme, an awareness of behavioural attitudes is
promoted to improve and develop communication and interpersonal
relationships with all those involved in the patient care pathway. The
programme is designed to address the nature of the organisation's
day-to-day operations as well as the associated protocols and
procedures, including areas that produce particular difficulties,
adverse conditions and any unusual hazards. The outcomes of the
programme will ensure that the participants have a greater awareness and
understanding of how human factors and performance limitations can lead
to unsafe practice. The participants will be able to identify the clues
that reveal an incipient error chain and select and apply appropriate
intervention strategies.
For maximum effectiveness, complete organisational involvement is
required in the TRM training programme. This involvement should become
an ongoing part of the programme. A key challenge for TRM programme
leaders is to communicate that need to the rest of the organisation and
to establish a strong commitment from top management down. A key focus
of GAT TRM programmes is to establish a capability within the
organisation to deliver and maintain the Team Resource Management
approach to safety. |
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